234 research outputs found
Bounded Guaranteed Algorithms for Concave Impurity Minimization Via Maximum Likelihood
Partitioning algorithms play a key role in many scientific and engineering
disciplines. A partitioning algorithm divides a set into a number of disjoint
subsets or partitions. Often, the quality of the resulted partitions is
measured by the amount of impurity in each partition, the smaller impurity the
higher quality of the partitions. In general, for a given impurity measure
specified by a function of the partitions, finding the minimum impurity
partitions is an NP-hard problem. Let be the number of -dimensional
elements in a set and be the number of desired partitions, then an
exhaustive search over all the possible partitions to find a minimum partition
has the complexity of which quickly becomes impractical for many
applications with modest values of and . Thus, many approximate
algorithms with polynomial time complexity have been proposed, but few provide
bounded guarantee. In this paper, an upper bound and a lower bound for a class
of impurity functions are constructed. Based on these bounds, we propose a
low-complexity partitioning algorithm with bounded guarantee based on the
maximum likelihood principle. The theoretical analyses on the bounded guarantee
of the algorithms are given for two well-known impurity functions Gini index
and entropy. When , the proposed algorithm achieves state-of-the-art
results in terms of lowest approximations and polynomial time complexity
. In addition, a heuristic greedy-merge algorithm having the time
complexity of is proposed for . Although the greedy-merge
algorithm does not provide a bounded guarantee, its performance is comparable
to that of the state-of-the-art methods. Our results also generalize some
well-known information-theoretic bounds such as Fano's inequality and
Boyd-Chiang's bound.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
Can EEG-devices differentiate attention values between incorrect and correct solutions for problem-solving tasks?
The affective state of an individual can be determined using physiological parameters; an important metric that can then be extracted is attention. Looking more closely at compact EEGs, algorithms have been implemented in such devices that can measure the attention and other affective states of the user. No information about these algorithms is available; are these feature classification algorithms accurate? An experiment was conducted with 23 subjects who utilized a pedagogical agent to learn the syntax of the programming language Java while having their attention measured by the NeuroSky MindWave Mobile 2. Using a concurrent validity approach, the attention values measured were compared to band powers, as well as measures of task performance. The results of the experiment were in part successful and supportive of the claim that the EEG deviceâs attention algorithm does in fact represent a userâs attention accurately. The results of the analysis based on raw data captured from the device were consistent with previous literature. Inconclusive results were obtained relating to task performance and attention.Peer Reviewe
Advancing Wound Filling Extraction on 3D Faces: A Auto-Segmentation and Wound Face Regeneration Approach
Facial wound segmentation plays a crucial role in preoperative planning and
optimizing patient outcomes in various medical applications. In this paper, we
propose an efficient approach for automating 3D facial wound segmentation using
a two-stream graph convolutional network. Our method leverages the Cir3D-FaIR
dataset and addresses the challenge of data imbalance through extensive
experimentation with different loss functions. To achieve accurate
segmentation, we conducted thorough experiments and selected a high-performing
model from the trained models. The selected model demonstrates exceptional
segmentation performance for complex 3D facial wounds. Furthermore, based on
the segmentation model, we propose an improved approach for extracting 3D
facial wound fillers and compare it to the results of the previous study. Our
method achieved a remarkable accuracy of 0.9999986\% on the test suite,
surpassing the performance of the previous method. From this result, we use 3D
printing technology to illustrate the shape of the wound filling. The outcomes
of this study have significant implications for physicians involved in
preoperative planning and intervention design. By automating facial wound
segmentation and improving the accuracy of wound-filling extraction, our
approach can assist in carefully assessing and optimizing interventions,
leading to enhanced patient outcomes. Additionally, it contributes to advancing
facial reconstruction techniques by utilizing machine learning and 3D
bioprinting for printing skin tissue implants. Our source code is available at
\url{https://github.com/SIMOGroup/WoundFilling3D}
Application of Self-Supervised Learning to MICA Model for Reconstructing Imperfect 3D Facial Structures
In this study, we emphasize the integration of a pre-trained MICA model with
an imperfect face dataset, employing a self-supervised learning approach. We
present an innovative method for regenerating flawed facial structures,
yielding 3D printable outputs that effectively support physicians in their
patient treatment process. Our results highlight the model's capacity for
concealing scars and achieving comprehensive facial reconstructions without
discernible scarring. By capitalizing on pre-trained models and necessitating
only a few hours of supplementary training, our methodology adeptly devises an
optimal model for reconstructing damaged and imperfect facial features.
Harnessing contemporary 3D printing technology, we institute a standardized
protocol for fabricating realistic, camouflaging mask models for patients in a
laboratory environment
Static and Dynamic Analysis of Piezoelectric Laminated Composite Beams and Plates
In this chapter, the mechanical behavior analysis of piezoelectric laminated composite beams and plates is influenced subjected to static, dynamic, and aerodynamic loads. Algorithm for dynamic, stability problem analysis and vibration control of laminated composite beams and plates with piezoelectric layers is presented. In addition, numerical calculations, considering the effect of factors on static, dynamic, and stability response of piezoelectric laminated composite beams and plates are also clearly presented. The content of this chapter can equip readers with the knowledge used to calculate the static, dynamic, and vibration control of composite beams, panels made of piezoelectric layers applied in the field different techniques
Numerical investigation of force transmission in granular media using discrete element method
In this paper, a numerical Discrete Element Method (DEM) model was calibrated to investigate the transmission of force in granular media. To this aim, DEM simulation was performed for reproducing the behavior of a given granular material under uniform compression. The DEM model was validated by comparing the obtained shear stress/normal stress ratio with results published in the available literature. The network of contact forces was then computed, showing the arrangement of the material microstructure under applied loading. The number and distribution of the contacts force were also examined statistically, showing that the macroscopic behavior of the granular medium highly depended on the force chain network. The DEM model could be useful in exploring the mechanical response of granular materials under different loadings and boundary conditions
A review of technologies for collaborative online information seeking: On the contribution of collaborative argumentation
In everyday life, people seek, evaluate, and use online sources to underpin opinions and make decisions. While education must promote the skills people need to critically question the sourcing of online information, it is important, more generally, to understand how to successfully promote the acquisition of any skills related to seeking online information. This review outlines technologies that aim to support users when they collaboratively seek online information. Upon integrating psychologicalâpedagogical approaches on trust in and the sourcing of online information, argumentation, and computer-supported collaborative learning, we reviewed the literature (Nâ=â95 journal articles) on technologies for collaborative online information seeking. The technologies we identified either addressed collaborative online information seeking as an exclusive process for searching for online information or, alternatively, addressed online information seeking within the context of a more complex learning process. Our review was driven by three main research questions: We aimed to understand whether and how the studies considered 1) the role of trust and critical questioning in the sourcing of online information, 2) the learning processes at play when information seekers engage in collaborative argumentation, and 3) what affordances are offered by technologies that support usersâ collaborative seeking of online information. The reviewed articles that focused exclusively on technologies for seeking online information primarily addressed aspects of cooperation (e.g., task management), whereas articles that focused on technologies for integrating the processes of information seeking into the entire learning processes instead highlighted aspects of collaborative argumentation (e.g., exchange of multiple perspectives and critical questioning in argumentation). Seven of the articles referred to trust as an aspect of seekersâ sourcing strategies. We emphasize how researchersâ, usersâ, and technology developersâ consideration of collaborative argumentation could expand the benefits of technological support for seeking online information.Peer Reviewe
Robust Adaptive Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller for 1-DOF Nonlaminated Active Magnetic Bearings
This paper presents a robust adaptive cerebellar model articulation controller (RACMAC) for 1-DOF nonlaminated active magnetic bearings (AMBs) to achieve desired positions for the rotor using a robust sliding mode control based. The dynamic model of 1-DOF nonlaminated AMB is introduced in fractional order equations. However, it is challenging to design a controller based on the model\u27s parameters due to undefined components and external disturbances such as eddy current losses in the actuator, external disturbance, variant parameters of the model while operating. In order to tackle the problem, RACMAC, which has a cerebellar model to estimate nonlinear disturbances, is investigated to resolve this problem. Based on this estimation, a robust adaptive controller that approximates the ideal and compensation controllers is calculated. The online parameters of the neural network are adjusted using Lyapunov\u27s stability theory to ensure the stability of system. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.The simulation results indicate that the CMAC multiple nonlinear multiple estimators are close to the actual nonlinear disturbance value, and the effectiveness of the proposed RACMAC method compared with the FOPID and SMC controllers has been studied previously
LES RĂLES DE L'ORGANISATION PAYSANNE ET DE L'ACTION COLLECTIVE POUR LE RENFORCEMENT DES FILIĂRES DE COMMERCIALISATION DES PRODUITS DE «SPĂCIALITĂ LOCALE» LE CAS DU LONGANE «LONG» DE LA PROVINCE DE HUNGYEN AU VIETNAME
N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5International audienceLe Vietnam est actuellement engagĂ© dans un processus d'intĂ©gration Ă©conomique internationale issue notamment de son adhĂ©sion rĂ©cente Ă l'OMC. Ce processus inclut une ouverture croissante du secteur agro-alimentaire domestique Ă la concurrence des produits importĂ©s. Les exploitations agricoles familiales sont particuliĂšrement fragilisĂ©es par ce nouveau contexte, en raison de le petite taille et du morcellement des superficies cultivables. Les moyens de renforcer la compĂ©titivitĂ© des produits issues de l'agriculture familiale constitue ainsi une des prioritĂ©s pour les recherches vietnamiennes en Ă©conomie agricole. Au Vietnam, le longane âLongâ produit dans la province de Hungyen est un produit de spĂ©cialitĂ© locale, c'est-Ă -dire dont la qualitĂ© spĂ©cifique est reconnue par une partie des consommateurs. NĂ©anmoins, le manque d'action collective entre les exploitations agricoles familiales fragilisent les performances de cette filiĂšre face aux longanes des autres rĂ©gions du Vietnam et les longanes importĂ©s. Cet article prĂ©sente les expĂ©riences d'appui pour le renforcement de la filiĂšre du longane âLongâ de la province de Hungyen au Vietnam vers le dĂ©veloppement de l'indication gĂ©ographique. GrĂące Ă l'appui de GTZ (German Technical Cooperation) et de l'IPSARD (Institut de politique et de stratĂ©gie pour l'agriculture et le dĂ©veloppement rural), la coopĂ©rative de longane Long Hongnam, qui consiste en une organisation de producteurs et de commerçants, a Ă©tĂ© mise sur pied en 2006. La coopĂ©rative a permis la mise en place des actions collectives suivantes: l'application d'un itinĂ©raire technique de production amĂ©liorĂ© incluant le respect de certaines bonnes pratiques agricoles locales (Good agricultural practices ou GAP), et la mise sur pied d'un espace de dialogue avec les commerçants. Grace Ă ce dispositif, les producteurs ont pu augmenter leur prix du vente, amĂ©liorer l'homogĂ©nĂ©itĂ© de la qualitĂ© des produits, et amĂ©liorer leur revenu. La durabilitĂ© de ce dispositif est discutĂ©e. L'article fait le bilan des forces et faiblesses de ces strategies de soutien a l'action collective
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